Question: Braces and Temporomandibular Joint Problems, Can They Be Related?

Reply: The relationship between TMJ/TMD (Temporomandibular Joint/Temporomandibular Disorder ) problems and braces has been a topic of debate. There is a considerable body of evidence on this topic, since it is vitally important for dentists, orthodontists, and the public to be aware of any connection between braces and TMJ problems. The cause of TMD can not be isolated to any one particular cause. It is therefore regarded as multifactorial, since behavior, emotions, bite, and other physical factors may contribute to the disorder. The role that the bite plays in the disorder is controversial. This needs to be emphasized because some patients choose to pursue braces to help with their TMJ problems. The changes that occur with braces in the alignment of the teeth and bite may not in fact “cure” TMD. However, the role of braces causing TMJ problems has also been studied extensively and there is overwhelming evidence that braces generally do not increase the risk of developing TMJ problems later on. The study cited here was a comprehensive review of many studies done previously. Results of approximately 1300 patients from around the world were represented, and were treated with different plans. The complexity of the TMJ and the circumstances surrounding the potential causes of TMJ problems may not be entirely clear. That said, numerous studies support the fact that TMJ problems have many causative factors, and the changes occurring during braces are gradual, which generally allows the TMJ to adapt without difficulty.